Screening Field Resistance to Halo Blight Within the Andean Diversity
Panel (ADP)
Jose Vasquez, Kiran Ghising, Albert Jody
VanderWal, Michael Kloberdanz, and Juan M. Osorno
North Dakota State University, Dept.
of Plant Sciences, Fargo, ND 58102
INTRODUCTION
During the evaluation of the ADP genotypes
for root rot complex in the field, the leaf canopy also was attacked by Halo Blight
disease (caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola
or Psp) during 2013 and
2014 planting cycles. This provided an opportunity to also screen the ADP
genotypes for their reaction to this disease under field conditions. Psp is a seed-borne bacterial disease that cause
yield losses in dry bean ranging from 10 to 40% depending on disease pressure, environmental
conditions, and cultivar (Asencio and Singh, 2005).
MATERIALS
AND METHODS
A total of
310 genotypes from the Andean Diversity Panel (ADP) (Cichy et al., 2015) were planted
at Perham, MN in 2013. From those, 51 genotypes were photoperiod sensitive or
did not complete the production cycle. Remnant 259 genotypes were screened
again in 2014 in two trials separated by days to maturity. The early maturity
trial consisting of 144 genotypes, and the late maturity trial consisting of
121 genotypes. Six common checks, one resistant, four intermediate, and one
susceptible were used. The early and late maturity trials were planted in a 12
x 12 and 11 x 11 alpha-lattice design respectively, with two replications per
trial. Bacterial disease severity was determined on a scale 1-9 (1= healthy, 9=
death plant) in the whole plot at pod-filling stage (R8). In addition to Psp, seed size and seed yield were also
measured. Resistant genotypes were considered those ranging from 1 to 3,
intermediate from 4 to 6, and susceptible from 7 to 9.
RESULTS
In 2013, from the selected 259
genotypes, 137 were in the range 1 to 3, 115 in the range 4 to 6, and 7 in the
range 7 to 9 (data not shown). Table 1 shows the top 20 high resistant genotypes
in 2014 early and late trials in addition to the checks. From the top 20, 17
were also resistant in 2013. Using the analysis of variance, in the early trial
there were significant differences (P<0.01)
among genotypes. Using Least Square Means, 5 genotypes are in the range 1 to 3,
74 in the range 4 to 6, and 65 in the range 7 to 9. In the late trial also there
were significant differences (P<0.01)
among genotypes. Using Least Square Means, 42 genotypes are in the range 1 to 3,
64 in the range 4 to 6, and 15 in the range 7 to 9. The mean 6 for early and 4 for
late trials and the extreme values of the checks and genotypes suggest the high
disease pressure in the field during the 2014 season. If the environmental
conditions are favorable in the next cycle, a set of contrasting genotypes for
root rot also will be evaluated for Psp
in order to confirm results.
REFERENCES
Asensio, C., and S. P. Singh. 2005.
Gamete selection for resistance to common and halo bacterial blights in dry
bean intergene pool populations. Crop Sci. 46:131–135.
Cichy et al. 2015. A Phaseolus
vulgaris Diversity Panel for Andean Bean Improvement. Crop Sci. (in press).
Table 1. Halo blight reaction to 16 early-maturity and to
16 late-maturity ADP genotypes at Perham, MN, 2014.
|
Genotype
|
Seed type
|
Halo blight(1-9)
|
100 seed weight (g)
|
Seed yield
kg ha-1
|
|
2014 Early maturity
|
||||
|
VAX3
(resistant check)
|
Small
red
|
1
|
29.9
|
2856
|
|
ADP43 Bwana shamba
|
Dark red kidney
|
3
|
38.4
|
1436
|
|
ADP678 Hooter*
|
Cranberry
|
3
|
50.1
|
1107
|
|
ADP2 W6_16444*
|
Red mottled
|
4
|
47.9
|
1444
|
|
ADP647 Red kanner*
|
Light red kidney
|
4
|
50.5
|
1753
|
|
ADP614 Rosie*
|
Light red kidney
|
4
|
53.4
|
1952
|
|
ADP624 Dolly*
|
Cranberry
|
4
|
60.7
|
1579
|
|
ADP477 PI527512*
|
Pink spotted
|
4
|
44.6
|
1332
|
|
ADP649 Kamiakin*
|
Light red kidney
|
4
|
59.8
|
1329
|
|
ADP112 Uyole96*
|
Red
|
4
|
47.4
|
1314
|
|
ADP685 Chianti*
|
Cranberry
|
4
|
51.5
|
1233
|
|
ADP636
Montcalm(inter. check)
|
Dark
red kidney
|
5
|
47.7
|
927
|
|
Dynasty
(intermediate check)
|
Dark
red kidney
|
5
|
56.8
|
1495
|
|
Talon
(intermediate check)
|
Dark
red kidney
|
6
|
49.2
|
1152
|
|
GTS104
(intermediate check)
|
Dark
red kidney
|
6
|
50.9
|
1195
|
|
Cabernet
(susceptible check)
|
Dark
red kidney
|
9
|
41.0
|
453
|
|
Mean
|
|
6
|
43.4
|
892
|
|
Coefficient of variation (%)
|
|
16.8
|
7.0
|
33.9
|
|
2014 Late maturity
|
||||
|
ADP50 Salunde*
|
Yellow
|
2
|
47.0
|
1313
|
|
ADP71 Njano dolea*
|
Yellow
|
2
|
45.0
|
1616
|
|
ADP122
Kranskop*
|
Cranberry
|
2
|
44.3
|
1278
|
|
VAX3
(resistant check)
|
Small
red
|
3
|
29.1
|
2772
|
|
ADP57 Kijivu*
|
Dark
red kidney
|
3
|
34.0
|
1337
|
|
ADP84 Kablanketi ndefu*
|
Black
spotted
|
3
|
37.5
|
1311
|
|
ADP454 Iniap429*
|
Red spotted
|
3
|
45.1
|
1886
|
|
ADP626 Badillo*
|
Light red kidney
|
3
|
48.0
|
1289
|
|
ADP621 JaloEEP558*
|
Yellow
|
3
|
35.7
|
1309
|
|
ADP523 Canario cela*
|
Yellow
|
3
|
39.1
|
1267
|
|
ADP37 W6_16488
|
Brown
|
3
|
49.1
|
1252
|
|
ADP636
Montcalm(inter. check)
|
Dark
red kidney
|
6
|
51.0
|
1198
|
|
Talon
(intermediate check)
|
Dark
red kidney
|
6
|
51.5
|
1433
|
|
Dynasty
(intermediate check)
|
Dark
red kidney
|
6
|
55.1
|
1305
|
|
GTS104
(intermediate check)
|
Dark
red kidney
|
7
|
46.3
|
666
|
|
Cabernet (susceptible check)
|
Dark red kidney
|
9
|
43.6
|
759
|
|
Mean
|
|
4
|
39.2
|
1001
|
|
Coefficient of variation (%)
|
|
22.0
|
5.6
|
31.3
|
*Resistant in 2013 and 2014 seasons
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